Between 2021 and 2024, wastewater treatment infrastructure deteriorated significantly across nearly every major South African metropolitan area, according to the Green Drop report. Raw sewage is now flowing in virtually all metros, with the situation continuing to worsen.
Specific municipalities, including eThekwini, Tshwane, and Buffalo City, have recorded steep declines, dropping into "very poor" or "critical" operational territory. The findings highlight a widespread and worsening environmental and public health crisis tied to failing municipal wastewater management.
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