In September 1968, the Soviet Union launched a secret mission involving a small spacecraft that traveled around the Moon. The mission served as a significant technological test during the space race between the Soviet Union and the United States, occurring before the Soviet program attempted to send human astronauts on a similar trajectory.
Rather than carrying humans, the capsule transported two steppe tortoises. The mission lasted six days, during which the craft navigated the lunar environment to demonstrate the feasibility of deep-space travel and return capabilities.
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